Show references Gaasch WH, et al. Indications for valve replacement in aortic stenosis in adults. Accessed Aug. What is heart valve disease?
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. What is TAVR? American Heart Association. Aortic stenosis adult. Mayo Clinic; Otto CM, et al.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Medical management of symptomatic aortic stenosis. Cormican D, et al. TAVR procedural volumes and patient outcomes: Analysis of recent data. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. Dalby M, et al. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Complications. Kolte D, et al. Office of Patient Education. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Phillips SD expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. March 9, Arora S, et al.
The surgery team will connect you to a heart-lung machine. This machine will act as your heart and lungs during the procedure. Your surgeon will remove your current heart valve and replace it with a new valve. The surgery team will remove the heart-lung machine. The team will wire your breastbone back together. The team will then sew or staple the incision in your skin back together.
What happens after an open aortic valve replacement? After your open aortic valve replacement: You will start your recovery in the intensive care unit or a recovery room. When you wake up, you might feel confused at first. You might wake up a couple of hours after the surgery, or a little later.
Most people who have aortic valve replacement notice immediate symptom relief after their surgery. The team will monitor your vital signs, such as your heart rate. They may hook you up to several machines so the nurses can check these more easily.
You may have a tube in your throat to help you breathe. Someone will usually remove the tube within 24 hours. You may have a chest tube to drain excess fluid from your chest. You may have small temporary pacemaker wires exiting from your chest Bandages will cover your incision.
These can usually come off within a couple of days. If you need it, you can ask for pain medicine. In a day or two, you should be able to sit in a chair and walk with help. You may do breathing therapy to help remove fluids that collect in your lungs during surgery.
You will probably be able to drink liquids the day after surgery. You can have regular foods as soon as you can tolerate them. You may receive elastic stockings to help blood circulate through your leg veins. Read more about the alternatives to an aortic valve replacement. Page last reviewed: 20 December Next review due: 20 December The aortic valve controls the flow of blood out from the heart to the rest of the body.
When is it necessary to replace the aortic valve? The aortic valve may need to be replaced for 2 reasons: the valve has become narrowed aortic stenosis — the opening of the valve becomes smaller, obstructing the flow of blood out of the heart the valve is leaky aortic regurgitation — the valve allows blood to flow back through into the heart The problems can get worse over time and in severe cases can lead to life-threatening problems such as heart failure if left untreated.
Find out more about why aortic valve replacements are carried out How is an aortic valve replacement carried out? This means you'll be asleep during the operation and won't feel any pain while it's carried out.
During the procedure: a large cut incision about 25cm long is made in your chest to access your heart — although sometimes a smaller cut may be made your heart is stopped and a heart-lung bypass machine is used to take over the job of your heart during the operation the damaged or faulty valve is removed and replaced with the new one your heart is restarted and the opening in your chest is closed The operation usually takes a few hours.
The surgeon removes the enlarged section and replaces it with a man-made synthetic tube, called a "graft". During the operation the patient's aortic valve is set aside and then used again. At first, the surgeon removes the valve along with the dilated section of the aorta. Then, the surgeon preserves the patient's aortic valve and, using special stiches, sews it into the inside of the synthetic graft. The coronary arteries are also reattached.
Recovery after the operation is similar to other open heart surgeries. In general, patients that undergo a planned, elective operation and who do not have other medical problems recover smoothly. The graft is highly durable and does not require any additional medicines.
We do recommend regular visits with your physician to monitor the status of the aortic valve and the remainder of the aorta. Freestyle aortic root replacement is a highly specialized operation that replaces the aortic root the portion of the aorta closest to the heart and the aortic valve in a single operation. This operation is needed when both the aortic root and the aortic valve are diseased.
The aortic root is often enlarged, or has an aneurysm.
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