TSS can also occur in menstruating women using tampons or a menstrual cup. Most people, however, are not affected by the toxins because they have developed antibodies to them.
Symptoms of TSS include flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache and muscle soreness. These symptoms will develop quickly and are severe. Other symptoms may include pain at the site of a wound, vomiting and diarrhea, signs of shock including low blood pressure and light-headedness, shortness of breath and sunburn-like rash. In general, TSS symptoms can develop as soon as 12 hours after a surgical procedure. Symptoms usually develop in 3 to 5 days in women who are menstruating and using tampons.
If you experience the above symptoms after using tampons or after a surgery or skin injury, contact your health care provider immediately. Toxic shock syndrome requires immediate emergency care in a hospital. Call or go to the nearest emergency department right away if you think you have TSS. If you experience any of the symptoms of TSS while using a tampon, remove the tampon and see your health care provider right away. Inform them that you were using a tampon when the symptoms started.
TSS cannot be treated at home. Hospital care is required for treating a staph infection and related complications caused by TSS, such as shock. Washing hands well and often can help prevent the bacteria that cause toxic shock syndrome from spreading. Between menstrual periods, store tampons away from heat and moisture, where bacteria can grow for example, in a bedroom rather than in a bathroom closet.
Clean and bandage all skin wounds as quickly as possible. Call your doctor if a wound gets red, swollen, or tender, or if a fever begins. Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome come on suddenly. Call your doctor right away if you get a sudden high fever, feel faint, or have any other signs of TSS. Reviewed by: Marcella A. Escoto, DO.
Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Toxic Shock Syndrome? What Causes Toxic Shock Syndrome? Toxic shock syndrome is caused by two types of bacteria : Staphylococcus aureus often called staph Streptococcus pyogenes often called strep Most cases are related to staph bacteria. Who Gets Toxic Shock Syndrome? The Western obsession with cleanliness may be partly responsible for the increase in allergic asthma and conditions such as rhinitis.
Careful prescribing of antibiotics will minimise the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. Aspergillus is a fungus that commonly grows on rotting vegetation. It can cause asthma symptoms. Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional.
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Skip to main content. Home Infections. Toxic shock syndrome TSS. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Symptoms of toxic shock syndrome TSS and risks of tampon use Treatment for toxic shock syndrome Reducing the risk of toxic shock syndrome Where to get help Things to remember. Toxic shock syndrome TSS is a rare and potentially life-threatening illness that is thought to be caused by infection with certain types of bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
Women who have their period are menstruating are most likely to get TSS, as it is thought to be associated with tampon use. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but one theory is that the bacteria naturally present in the vagina can over-grow in the presence of a blood-soaked tampon.
However, one third of women who get TSS when they have their period are found to have no causative bacteria in their vaginas.
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