Bass is more similar to trout than kokanee in that they mainly eat protein. The main thing a walleye will eat is other fish. They mainly eat minnows other fish in the Spring and leeches and such in the Summer. Pike is pretty much at the top of the food chain and will eat anything they can find. They are a predator fish that mainly feed on other fish such as perch, bass, and even smaller pike. Carp will eat pretty much anything they can get. Obviously, they still need to eat something but the things they can find are somewhat limited.
Salmon and trout seem to be more active in the winter and can be sometimes seen near the surface. For example, livebearers are largely herbivores, while tetras are more carnivorous. If you keep both types of fish in your aquarium, as many aquarists do, alternate feedings of meat protein and plant-based foods to keep everyone happy and healthy.
Variety is important regardless of what types of fish you keep, as even carnivores benefit from some plant matter in their diet, and vice versa.
The size of the food you feed should match the size of your fishes' mouths. In other words, large predatory fish will usually show no interest in small flake crumbles, and small fish like Neon Tetras can't fit large pellets into their mouths.
Uneaten food will quickly pollute your aquarium. When feeding frozen foods, dispense food a little at a time using a turkey baster or large syringe to make sure everyone gets some.
Drop a little food at the surface for top feeders and gently squirt some lower into the water column for mid-water and bottom feeders. It's always best to underfeed, especially in new aquariums, as uneaten food can cloud your water and cause dangerous rises in ammonia and nitrite levels. A general rule of thumb is to feed only what your fish can consume in 2 to 3 minutes. When in doubt, start with a tiny quantity and observe how fast your fish consume it.
If it is completely consumed in less than 2 minutes, give them a little more. It won't take long to figure out how much food to give them at each feeding.
Remove any food that remains after five minutes with a siphon hose or net. Most fish will learn to take food wherever it's available, but shy fish may wait until food drifts into their "safe zone". These fish may need to be target fed, meaning directing food right to them. Flakes and some pellet foods typically linger at the surface for a minute or two before beginning a slow descent to the bottom, making them good choices for surface and mid-water feeders.
Soaking dried foods or "swishing" them at the surface will help them drop faster for mid-water feeders. Most , and other bottom feeders do best on sinking tablets, wafers and pellet foods. For the most part, feeding your fish once or twice a day is sufficient. Some hobbyists even fast their fish one or two days a week to allow them to clear their digestive systems. Larger, more sedentary fish can go longer between meals than smaller, more active fish.
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